itertools functions return iterators, objects that produce results lazily, on demand. You could either loop over the object with a for loop, or turn the result into a list by calling list() on it: from itertools import chain, combinations def powerset(iterable): “powerset([1,2,3]) –> () (1,) (2,) (3,) (1,2) (1,3) (2,3) (1,2,3)” s = list(iterable) return … Read more
str.count() counts non-overlapping occurrences of the substring: Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub. There is exactly one such place where the substring ” occurs in the string ”: right at the start. So the count should return 1. Generally speaking, the empty string will match at all positions in a given string, … Read more
Change except InvalidUserPass, e: to except InvalidUserPass as e: See this for more info.
Decode the bytes object to produce a string: >>> b”abcde”.decode(“utf-8”) ‘abcde’ The above example assumes that the bytes object is in UTF-8, because it is a common encoding. However, you should use the encoding your data is actually in!
you just need a little basic trig def calculat_new_xy(old_xy,speed,angle_in_radians): new_x = old_xy.X + (speed*math.cos(angle_in_radians)) new_y = old_xy.Y + (speed*math.sin(angle_in_radians)) return new_x, new_y — edit — Here is your code from above edited to work import pygame, math, time screen=pygame.display.set_mode((320,240)) clock=pygame.time.Clock() pygame.init() def calculate_new_xy(old_xy,speed,angle_in_radians): new_x = old_xy[0] + (speed*math.cos(angle_in_radians)) new_y = old_xy[1] + (speed*math.sin(angle_in_radians)) return new_x, … Read more
The // operator explicitly floors the result. Quoting the Binary arithmetic operations documentation: the result is that of mathematical division with the ‘floor’ function applied to the result. Flooring is not the same thing as rounding to 0; flooring always moves to the lower integer value. See the math.floor() function: Return the floor of x, … Read more
Relative paths are relative to current working directory. If you do not want your path to be relative, it must be absolute. But there is an often used trick to build an absolute path from current script: use its __file__ special attribute: from pathlib import Path path = Path(__file__).parent / “../data/test.csv” with path.open() as f: … Read more
It signifies the end of the positional only parameters, parameters you cannot use as keyword parameters. Before Python 3.8, such parameters could only be specified in the C API. It means the key argument to __contains__ can only be passed in by position (range(5).__contains__(3)), not as a keyword argument (range(5).__contains__(key=3)), something you can do with … Read more
Here is a solution to embed the execution of your python module from within your C++ application. It’s not better or worst than forking/executing your python script through a system call, it just is a different way to do it. Whether it is best or not depend on your context and usage. Some time ago … Read more
Popen expect a list of strings for non-shell calls and a string for shell calls. Call subprocess.Popen with shell=True: process = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=tempFile, shell=True) Hopefully this solves your issue. This issue is listed here: https://bugs.python.org/issue17023